The Daythal L. Kendall papers consist of a wide variety of published and unpublished work on especially Takelma, Kalapuyan languages, and Lencan languages. A linguist and computer scientist, Kendall devoted much time to synchronic and diachronic linguistics of Takelma and the Penutian stock, including much research on Takelma poetic forms, Kalapuyan morphology and gathering a large unpublished lexicon for Lencan languages. He also produced pedagogical materials for learning Canadian Aboriginal syllabics, and worked twice for the American Philosophical Society to develop their understanding of their Native American collections. In the papers are correspondence, extensive research and manuscripts on the above, collected materials from others including many handouts from conferences (particularly the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas), lexical slips, and photographs of Native Oregonians and their land.

Anthropologist and ethnographer Frank Gouldsmith Speck was one of Franz Boas' early graduate students and from 1907 till his death in 1950 spent his career in a variety of positions at the University of Pennsylvania, including its Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Unlike most of his contemporaries, Speck chose to study the cultures of Indigenous peoples of eastern North America, especially the Haudenosaunee, Cherokee, and peoples speaking Algonquian languages, such as Anishinaabe, Wabanaki, Innu, Lenape, and other Algonquian peoples within the eastern United States. Speck spent a larger amounnt of time in the field than was typical of most ethnographers, collecting documentary information and physical objects. The Frank G. Speck Papers consist of 15.5 linear feet of Speck's professional correspondence, field notes, lecture notes, and manuscripts of published and unpublished works. The material focuses on the Eastern Woodlands Indians, particularly the Catawba, Cherokee, Creek, Delaware, Houma, Haudenosaunee ("Iroquois"), Labrador Inuit ("Eskimo"), Innu ("Montagnais-Naskapi"), Nanticoke, Penobscot, Powhatan, Algonquian, and Yuchi. The collection is divided into two subcollections: Subcollection 1 is comprised of Speck's research material and correspondence, and Subcollection 2 consists of his manuscripts and related correspondence. The two subcollections were acquired separately by the Society, and were originally cataloged as the Frank G. Speck Papers (572.97 Sp3) and the Frank G. Speck Manuscripts on Native Americans (970.3 Sp3p) respectively.